sklearn.feature_extraction.text.TfidfVectorizer

class sklearn.feature_extraction.text.TfidfVectorizer(input=u'content', encoding=u'utf-8', charset=None, decode_error=u'strict', charset_error=None, strip_accents=None, lowercase=True, preprocessor=None, tokenizer=None, analyzer=u'word', stop_words=None, token_pattern=u'(?u)\b\w\w+\b', ngram_range=(1, 1), max_df=1.0, min_df=1, max_features=None, vocabulary=None, binary=False, dtype=<type 'numpy.int64'>, norm=u'l2', use_idf=True, smooth_idf=True, sublinear_tf=False)

Convert a collection of raw documents to a matrix of TF-IDF features.

Equivalent to CountVectorizer followed by TfidfTransformer.

Parameters :

input : string {‘filename’, ‘file’, ‘content’}

If filename, the sequence passed as an argument to fit is expected to be a list of filenames that need reading to fetch the raw content to analyze.

If ‘file’, the sequence items must have ‘read’ method (file-like object) it is called to fetch the bytes in memory.

Otherwise the input is expected to be the sequence strings or bytes items are expected to be analyzed directly.

encoding : string, ‘utf-8’ by default.

If bytes or files are given to analyze, this encoding is used to decode.

decode_error : {‘strict’, ‘ignore’, ‘replace’}

Instruction on what to do if a byte sequence is given to analyze that contains characters not of the given encoding. By default, it is ‘strict’, meaning that a UnicodeDecodeError will be raised. Other values are ‘ignore’ and ‘replace’.

strip_accents : {‘ascii’, ‘unicode’, None}

Remove accents during the preprocessing step. ‘ascii’ is a fast method that only works on characters that have an direct ASCII mapping. ‘unicode’ is a slightly slower method that works on any characters. None (default) does nothing.

analyzer : string, {‘word’, ‘char’} or callable

Whether the feature should be made of word or character n-grams.

If a callable is passed it is used to extract the sequence of features out of the raw, unprocessed input.

preprocessor : callable or None (default)

Override the preprocessing (string transformation) stage while preserving the tokenizing and n-grams generation steps.

tokenizer : callable or None (default)

Override the string tokenization step while preserving the preprocessing and n-grams generation steps.

ngram_range : tuple (min_n, max_n)

The lower and upper boundary of the range of n-values for different n-grams to be extracted. All values of n such that min_n <= n <= max_n will be used.

stop_words : string {‘english’}, list, or None (default)

If a string, it is passed to _check_stop_list and the appropriate stop list is returned. ‘english’ is currently the only supported string value.

If a list, that list is assumed to contain stop words, all of which will be removed from the resulting tokens.

If None, no stop words will be used. max_df can be set to a value in the range [0.7, 1.0) to automatically detect and filter stop words based on intra corpus document frequency of terms.

lowercase : boolean, default True

Convert all characters to lowercase befor tokenizing.

token_pattern : string

Regular expression denoting what constitutes a “token”, only used if analyzer == ‘word’. The default regexp select tokens of 2 or more letters characters (punctuation is completely ignored and always treated as a token separator).

max_df : float in range [0.0, 1.0] or int, optional, 1.0 by default

When building the vocabulary ignore terms that have a term frequency strictly higher than the given threshold (corpus specific stop words). If float, the parameter represents a proportion of documents, integer absolute counts. This parameter is ignored if vocabulary is not None.

min_df : float in range [0.0, 1.0] or int, optional, 1 by default

When building the vocabulary ignore terms that have a term frequency strictly lower than the given threshold. This value is also called cut-off in the literature. If float, the parameter represents a proportion of documents, integer absolute counts. This parameter is ignored if vocabulary is not None.

max_features : optional, None by default

If not None, build a vocabulary that only consider the top max_features ordered by term frequency across the corpus.

This parameter is ignored if vocabulary is not None.

vocabulary : Mapping or iterable, optional

Either a Mapping (e.g., a dict) where keys are terms and values are indices in the feature matrix, or an iterable over terms. If not given, a vocabulary is determined from the input documents.

binary : boolean, False by default.

If True, all non zero counts are set to 1. This is useful for discrete probabilistic models that model binary events rather than integer counts.

dtype : type, optional

Type of the matrix returned by fit_transform() or transform().

norm : ‘l1’, ‘l2’ or None, optional

Norm used to normalize term vectors. None for no normalization.

use_idf : boolean, optional

Enable inverse-document-frequency reweighting.

smooth_idf : boolean, optional

Smooth idf weights by adding one to document frequencies, as if an extra document was seen containing every term in the collection exactly once. Prevents zero divisions.

sublinear_tf : boolean, optional

Apply sublinear tf scaling, i.e. replace tf with 1 + log(tf).

See also

CountVectorizer

Tokenize the documents and count the occurrences of token and return them as a sparse matrix

TfidfTransformer

Apply Term Frequency Inverse Document Frequency normalization to a sparse matrix of occurrence counts.

Methods

build_analyzer()	Return a callable that handles preprocessing and tokenization
build_preprocessor()	Return a function to preprocess the text before tokenization
build_tokenizer()	Return a function that split a string in sequence of tokens
decode(doc)	Decode the input into a string of unicode symbols
fit(raw_documents[, y])	Learn a conversion law from documents to array data
fit_transform(raw_documents[, y])	Learn the representation and return the vectors.
get_feature_names()	Array mapping from feature integer indices to feature name
get_params([deep])	Get parameters for this estimator.
get_stop_words()	Build or fetch the effective stop words list
inverse_transform(X)	Return terms per document with nonzero entries in X.
set_params(**params)	Set the parameters of this estimator.
transform(raw_documents[, copy])	Transform raw text documents to tf-idf vectors

__init__(input=u'content', encoding=u'utf-8', charset=None, decode_error=u'strict', charset_error=None, strip_accents=None, lowercase=True, preprocessor=None, tokenizer=None, analyzer=u'word', stop_words=None, token_pattern=u'(?u)\b\w\w+\b', ngram_range=(1, 1), max_df=1.0, min_df=1, max_features=None, vocabulary=None, binary=False, dtype=<type 'numpy.int64'>, norm=u'l2', use_idf=True, smooth_idf=True, sublinear_tf=False)

build_analyzer()

Return a callable that handles preprocessing and tokenization

build_preprocessor()

Return a function to preprocess the text before tokenization

build_tokenizer()

Return a function that split a string in sequence of tokens

decode(doc)

Decode the input into a string of unicode symbols

The decoding strategy depends on the vectorizer parameters.

fit(raw_documents, y=None)

Learn a conversion law from documents to array data

fit_transform(raw_documents, y=None)

Learn the representation and return the vectors.

Parameters :

raw_documents : iterable

an iterable which yields either str, unicode or file objects

Returns :

vectors : array, [n_samples, n_features]

get_feature_names()

Array mapping from feature integer indices to feature name

get_params(deep=True)

Get parameters for this estimator.

Parameters :

deep: boolean, optional :

If True, will return the parameters for this estimator and contained subobjects that are estimators.

Returns :

params : mapping of string to any

Parameter names mapped to their values.

get_stop_words()

Build or fetch the effective stop words list

inverse_transform(X)

Return terms per document with nonzero entries in X.

Parameters :

X : {array, sparse matrix}, shape = [n_samples, n_features]

Returns :

X_inv : list of arrays, len = n_samples

List of arrays of terms.

set_params(**params)

Set the parameters of this estimator.

The method works on simple estimators as well as on nested objects (such as pipelines). The former have parameters of the form <component>__<parameter> so that it’s possible to update each component of a nested object.

Returns :self :

transform(raw_documents, copy=True)

Transform raw text documents to tf-idf vectors

Parameters :

raw_documents : iterable

an iterable which yields either str, unicode or file objects

Returns :

vectors : sparse matrix, [n_samples, n_features]