sklearn.feature_selection.RFE

class sklearn.feature_selection.RFE(estimator, n_features_to_select=None, step=1, estimator_params={}, verbose=0)

Feature ranking with recursive feature elimination.

Given an external estimator that assigns weights to features (e.g., the coefficients of a linear model), the goal of recursive feature elimination (RFE) is to select features by recursively considering smaller and smaller sets of features. First, the estimator is trained on the initial set of features and weights are assigned to each one of them. Then, features whose absolute weights are the smallest are pruned from the current set features. That procedure is recursively repeated on the pruned set until the desired number of features to select is eventually reached.

Parameters :

estimator : object

A supervised learning estimator with a fit method that updates a coef_ attribute that holds the fitted parameters. Important features must correspond to high absolute values in the coef_ array.

For instance, this is the case for most supervised learning algorithms such as Support Vector Classifiers and Generalized Linear Models from the svm and linear_model modules.

n_features_to_select : int or None (default=None)

The number of features to select. If None, half of the features are selected.

step : int or float, optional (default=1)

If greater than or equal to 1, then step corresponds to the (integer) number of features to remove at each iteration. If within (0.0, 1.0), then step corresponds to the percentage (rounded down) of features to remove at each iteration.

estimator_params : dict

Parameters for the external estimator. Useful for doing grid searches.

References

[R140]

Guyon, I., Weston, J., Barnhill, S., & Vapnik, V., “Gene selection for cancer classification using support vector machines”, Mach. Learn., 46(1-3), 389–422, 2002.

Examples

The following example shows how to retrieve the 5 right informative features in the Friedman #1 dataset.

>>> from sklearn.datasets import make_friedman1
>>> from sklearn.feature_selection import RFE
>>> from sklearn.svm import SVR
>>> X, y = make_friedman1(n_samples=50, n_features=10, random_state=0)
>>> estimator = SVR(kernel="linear")
>>> selector = RFE(estimator, 5, step=1)
>>> selector = selector.fit(X, y)
>>> selector.support_ 
array([ True,  True,  True,  True,  True,
        False, False, False, False, False], dtype=bool)
>>> selector.ranking_
array([1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 6, 4, 3, 2, 5])

Attributes

n_features_	int	The number of selected features.
support_	array of shape [n_features]	The mask of selected features.
ranking_	array of shape [n_features]	The feature ranking, such that ranking_[i] corresponds to the ranking position of the i-th feature. Selected (i.e., estimated best) features are assigned rank 1.
estimator_	object	The external estimator fit on the reduced dataset.

Methods

decision_function(X)
fit(X, y)	Fit the RFE model and then the underlying estimator on the selected
fit_transform(X[, y])	Fit to data, then transform it.
get_params([deep])	Get parameters for this estimator.
get_support([indices])	Get a mask, or integer index, of the features selected
inverse_transform(X)	Reverse the transformation operation
predict(X)	Reduce X to the selected features and then predict using the
predict_proba(X)
score(X, y)	Reduce X to the selected features and then return the score of the
set_params(**params)	Set the parameters of this estimator.
transform(X)	Reduce X to the selected features.

__init__(estimator, n_features_to_select=None, step=1, estimator_params={}, verbose=0)

fit(X, y)

Fit the RFE model and then the underlying estimator on the selected features.

Parameters :

X : {array-like, sparse matrix}, shape = [n_samples, n_features]

The training input samples.

y : array-like, shape = [n_samples]

The target values.

fit_transform(X, y=None, **fit_params)

Fit to data, then transform it.

Fits transformer to X and y with optional parameters fit_params and returns a transformed version of X.

Parameters :

X : numpy array of shape [n_samples, n_features]

Training set.

y : numpy array of shape [n_samples]

Target values.

Returns :

X_new : numpy array of shape [n_samples, n_features_new]

Transformed array.

get_params(deep=True)

Get parameters for this estimator.

Parameters :

deep: boolean, optional :

If True, will return the parameters for this estimator and contained subobjects that are estimators.

Returns :

params : mapping of string to any

Parameter names mapped to their values.

get_support(indices=False)

Get a mask, or integer index, of the features selected

Parameters :

indices : boolean (default False)

If True, the return value will be an array of integers, rather than a boolean mask.

Returns :

support : array

An index that selects the retained features from a feature vector. If indices is False, this is a boolean array of shape [# input features], in which an element is True iff its corresponding feature is selected for retention. If indices is True, this is an integer array of shape [# output features] whose values are indices into the input feature vector.

inverse_transform(X)

Reverse the transformation operation

Parameters :

X : array of shape [n_samples, n_selected_features]

The input samples.

Returns :

X_r : array of shape [n_samples, n_original_features]

X with columns of zeros inserted where features would have been removed by transform.

predict(X)

Reduce X to the selected features and then predict using the underlying estimator.

Parameters :

X : array of shape [n_samples, n_features]

The input samples.

Returns :

y : array of shape [n_samples]

The predicted target values.

score(X, y)

Reduce X to the selected features and then return the score of the underlying estimator.

Parameters :

X : array of shape [n_samples, n_features]

The input samples.

y : array of shape [n_samples]

The target values.

set_params(**params)

Set the parameters of this estimator.

The method works on simple estimators as well as on nested objects (such as pipelines). The former have parameters of the form <component>__<parameter> so that it’s possible to update each component of a nested object.

Returns :self :

transform(X)

Reduce X to the selected features.

Parameters :

X : array of shape [n_samples, n_features]

The input samples.

Returns :

X_r : array of shape [n_samples, n_selected_features]

The input samples with only the selected features.